Overview

MOTS-c, a mitochondrial-derived peptide, represents a recent discovery in the field of molecular biology and medicine. It was identified by researchers at the University of Southern California, including Dr. Changhan David Lee and Dr. Pinchas Cohen, around 2012. MOTS-c is part of a novel class of peptides encoded within the mitochondrial DNA, known as mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs), which have been found to have significant regulatory effects on metabolism and cell signaling.

Function and Mechanism of Action

MOTS-c plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation and has been linked to various beneficial effects such as:

1. Enhancing Insulin Sensitivity: It increases insulin sensitivity, thereby helping in glucose regulation.

2. Obesity and Metabolic Disorder Management: MOTS-c has shown potential in regulating metabolic pathways, making it a candidate for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders.

3. Exercise Endurance: It appears to promote the utilization of fatty acids for energy, which could enhance physical performance and endurance.

Research on MOTS-c is still in its early stages, primarily involving animal studies and cell culture models. These studies have indicated its potential in protecting against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Human studies are needed to fully understand its therapeutic potential and safety profile.

MOTS-c in Athletic Performance Research

Given its role in enhancing metabolic efficiency and energy utilization, MOTS-c has drawn interest in the field of sports science and athletic performance. Researchers hypothesize that it could improve exercise capacity and endurance by optimizing energy use. However, its use for athletic performance enhancement remains theoretical and unproven in clinical settings.

Dosage

To calculate the dosage for MOTS-c from a 10 mg vial mixed with 3 mL of bacteriostatic water, and using a 0.5 mL, 50-unit insulin syringe, let's consider a protocol of administering a 5 mg dose every 5 days. Please remember that these calculations are for informational purposes only, and actual dosing should be confirmed and supervised by a healthcare professional.

Concentration Calculation

• 10 mg of MOTS-c is reconstituted in 3 mL of water.

• Since 1 mg = 1000 mcg, the total amount is 10,000 mcg.

• The concentration is 10,000 mcg / 3 mL = 3333.33 mcg/mL.

Dosing Calculation for 5 mg (5000 mcg) Every 5 Days

• Volume in mL for a 5000 mcg dose: 5000 mcg3333.33 mcg/mL≈1.5 mL3333.33 mcg/mL5000 mcg​≈1.5 mL.

Syringe Measurement

• In a 0.5 mL, 50-unit insulin syringe, each unit equals 0.01 mL.

• For 1.5 mL: 1.5 mL×100 units/mL=150 units1.5 mL×100 units/mL=150 units.

However, a 0.5 mL syringe can only hold up to 50 units (0.5 mL), so you would need to administer this dose in three separate injections to deliver the full 1.5 mL (150 units).

Common Cycle

A common cycle for MOTS-c might involve a 5 mg dose every 5 days. Each 10 mg vial would provide two doses, and for a typical cycle of, say, 4 weeks (28 days), you would require approximately 3 vials.

1. Two doses per vial for a 5 mg dose.

2. For a 4-week cycle (28 days), that's approximately 6 doses (28 days / 5 days per dose).

3. Therefore, 3 vials would be needed for this cycle.

Remember, while the above provides a general guideline for the preparation and administration of MOTS-c, the specific dosage and frequency should be determined based on individual needs and medical advice. The use of MOTS-c for research, therapeutic, or performance enhancement purposes should always be guided by ethical considerations and current medical standards.