MOTS-C
MOTS-C (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA Type-C)
Mitochondrial Peptide for Exercise and Metabolic Health
What is MOTS-C?
MOTS-C (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA Type-C) is a mitochondrial-derived peptide consisting of 16 amino acids. It is encoded by the mitochondrial genome and plays a fundamental role in metabolic regulation, exercise physiology, and cellular energy production. MOTS-C was first identified in 2015 by researchers at the University of Southern California.
MOTS-C is often referred to as an exercise mimetic because it activates many of the same metabolic pathways that are stimulated by physical exercise. It works primarily by activating AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), a master regulator of cellular energy balance. When activated, AMPK promotes glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis while inhibiting energy-consuming processes.
Key benefits of MOTS-C include improved insulin sensitivity, enhanced fat metabolism, increased exercise capacity and endurance, promotion of metabolic homeostasis, protection against age-related metabolic decline, and potential longevity benefits. Research has shown that MOTS-C levels naturally decline with age, which may contribute to age-related metabolic dysfunction.
MOTS-C has also shown promise in protecting against diet-induced obesity, improving glucose tolerance, and enhancing physical performance in preclinical studies. It is gaining popularity in the longevity and biohacking communities as a peptide that supports healthy aging at the cellular level.
Research Supply
Source high-purity MOTS-C for your research
Dosage Guide
Route: Subcutaneous injection
Dosing Schedule
| Period | Dose |
|---|---|
| Standard | 5 mg, 3-5 times per week |
| Conservative | 5 mg, 3 times per week |
| Intensive | 10 mg, 3-5 times per week |
Reconstitution
Injection Volumes
| Dose | Volume | Syringe Units |
|---|---|---|
| 5 mg | 1.0 mL | 100 units |
| 10 mg | 2.0 mL | Use two injections |
Cycling Protocol
4-8 weeks
2-4 weeks
Some practitioners advocate for lower-dose, longer-term use with periodic breaks for longevity protocols.
Administration Tips
- Inject subcutaneously in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm
- Can be taken at any time of day; some prefer pre-workout for enhanced exercise performance
- Rotate injection sites
- Store reconstituted solution refrigerated and use within 28 days
Risks & Side Effects
Commonly Reported
Serious Risks
Hypoglycemia
MOTS-C enhances glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity; individuals on diabetes medications should monitor blood sugar closely.
Allergic reactions
As with any injectable peptide.
Unknown long-term effects
MOTS-C was only discovered in 2015; long-term safety data in humans is still being established.
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to MOTS-C
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Type 1 diabetes (use with extreme caution due to glucose-lowering effects)
- Active cancer (precautionary, as effects on tumor metabolism are unknown)
- Individuals on insulin or sulfonylurea medications (risk of hypoglycemia)
Frequently Asked Questions
Related Peptides
Experts Covering MOTS-C
LEGAL DISCLAIMER
The information provided on this page is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. MOTS-C has not been approved by the FDA for any medical condition. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any peptide therapy. Individual results may vary. Peptides Institute is not responsible for any adverse effects resulting from the use of information provided on this site.